Friday, December 19, 2014

High Power Directional Coupler 20CH170 (N-Female 700-2,700MHz)


Werbel Microwave presents model 20CH170, a single directional coupler covering 700-2,700 MHz.  Coupling is 20±1.25 dB throughout the band with 22 dB minimum directivity and 1.2:1 return loss.  Rated at 100 watts.  Designed for low-PIM applications.  Standard with N-Female connectors.  Measures 4.5 x 2.0 x 0.8 inches.  Crafted in USA.

Thursday, December 18, 2014

Werbel Microwave


Werbel Microwave thanks High Frequency Electronics magazine for the Directional Couplers Product Feature in their December 2014 issue on page 49 and also for the Hybrid Coupler mention on page 42.

Thursday, December 11, 2014

Werbel Microwave New 10dB Directional Coupler Covers 2-18GHz

Model 10CA1000 directional coupler from Werbel Microwave.  Ready for immediate production.  Lead time 6 to 8 weeks.  Covers 2-18 GHz continuously at 10 ± 1.25 dB and 15 dB directivity.
 
Click here for the specification and mechanical outline.
 
Click here for the test data sheet.
 
Click here to visit our web site.
 
 
 




Tuesday, December 2, 2014

Wideband 180-degree Hybrid Covers 4-18 GHz

Model 2JS1100 is a wideband 180-degree hybrid covering 4-18 GHz continuously.  Coupling is 4.5±0.6 dB and phase balance is ±20 degrees.  Isolation is 18dB, minimum and return loss is 1.8:1 max at all ports.  This model comes standard with SMA-Female connectors in a housing measuring 3.0 x 1.5 x 0.4 inches.

Complete line of 180-degree hybrids from Werbel Microwave.

All units serialized with test data plots included at no additional charge.
 
Coupling



Phase Balance (0/180)

Return Loss


Isolation

Monday, November 24, 2014

4-Way Power Dividers

Power Dividers

We have a full line of 4-way SMA and N power dividers covering 0.5 to 18 GHz in various bands.  We do not buy and resell.  All parts are designed and made in USA only.


Sunday, November 23, 2014

RFCafe Home Page November 23, 2014

November 23, 2014

Werbel Microwave thanks RF Cafe for featuring our CN-series directional couplers on their home page, www.rfcafe.com.

Microwave Product Digest / November 2014


Werbel Microwave would like to express appreciation to the Microwave Product Digest for their generous featuring of three product listings on pages 38 and 42 of their November 2014 issue.

High Frequency Electronics November 2014



November 22, 2014

Werbel Microwave appreciates the listing of our Bias Tees provided by High Frequency Electronics magazine.  Our listing is on page 16 of the November issue.

Microwave Journal November 2014



November 22, 2014

Werbel Microwave thanks The Microwave Journal for inclusion of our products in their November Issue.  Our listing may be viewed on page 146.

Tuesday, October 14, 2014

Monday, June 2, 2014

Quarter-Wavelength Equations

---Introduction---

In microwaves you will soon encounter various structures that focus on a fraction of a wavelength.  In particular, the quarter-wavelength is of much significance, although a number of designs center around 1/8-wavelength, 3/4-wavelength, etc.


---Some variables to define---

C = 300,000,000 m/s (Speed of Light in Vacuum)

L = lambda (I will use "L" but the symbol looks like ,\ ).  This is what we are solving for.

F = Frequency of operation, or center-frequency (in Hz or cyc/s).  From your test spec.

Er = Relative dielectric constant of the material (no units).  From manufacturer datasheet.

V = Velocity modifier (takes the Er into account).


---Equation for obtaining quarter-wavelength based on material and frequency---

First, know the effective dielectric of the material you're using.  It is never less than 1 and can be as high as 10, but is often between 2 and 4 for most substrates.  You can get this from the manufacturer datasheet.  Note that you can use this value directly for stripline, but for microstrip the air will reduce this value (bring closer to 1) and you will need to use a program like AppCAD to obtain the effective value.

Next, compute the velocity modifier as follows:

V = 1 / sqrt(Er) ; This is a unitless number.

Hold onto this number for later.  In air/vacuum, the V = 1, so it will have no effect.  For all other values, the larger the dielectric constant, the shorter the wavelength will be.

Now we are ready to compute the wavelength:

C = L*F ; I always start here because I remember it.

L = C / F ; We want to solve for L (ultimately L/4 but we'll get there).

L = (C / F) * V ; Multiply the velocity modifier here.  The units m/s and /s should divide, cancelling out /s and you are left with m.

L = (C / F) * V * 39370.1 ; But we are in America so we don't use meters.  It is often practical to use mils (1/1,000ths of an inch) so we insert the conversion factor (will show derivation)

L/4 = (C / F) * V * 39370.1 * (1/4) ; Lastly, we want to obtain quarter-wavelength, so we simply divide both sides by 4.

Here is the unit conversion:

(C-m/s / F-/s) * (1,000-mm / 1-m) * (1-in / 25.4-mm) * (1,000-mil / 1-in)


---Notes---

It is important to remember that the quarter wavelength is dependent upon the frequency AS WELL AS the dielectric medium.  It is often easy to forget this.  Additionally, microstrip (single board in air) versus stripline (2+ boards sandwiched) circuits of the same material will behave differently because the effective dielectric is different.  More on this in a future blog post.

---Practical Applications---

I don't know about you, but for me, most of the theory is forgotten the next day without some practical applications, so here they are.

Directional Couplers: A single-section coupler consists of two parallel conductors of certain width and spacing.  The length between the coupled section is a quarter-wavelength.

Power Dividers: For the Wilkinson structure, each section is separated by transmission lines of quarter-wavelength of varying impedance.  They may be cascaded indefinitely.

Impedance Transitions: Used in matching a source of one impedance to a load of a different impedance.  If you have ever built audio amplifiers, you may use a transformer to match the amp output to an 8-ohm load.  Same principle, however at microwave frequencies a quarter-wave section at a certain width is all you need.  Also used in amplifiers to match RF transistors.  Will do a blog post on impedance transitions.

Saturday, May 31, 2014

Series on Basic Technician-Level RF Equations

I want to begin a series of explanations for RF and microwave formulas and equations.  But without going into all of the heavy math, we want to keep this to simple algebra.  That way, students and technicians who are starting their career the same way I did can take a practical approach and not be intimidated by the higher order calculus, transforms, etc.  These concepts are important but not so relevant at the test bench level where practical tuning methods overtake theoretical proofs.

Thursday, May 15, 2014

Werbel Microwave is a U.S.-based manufacturer of microwave-electronic components for use in wireless-telecommunications systems.  Founded in 2012, Werbel Microwave is committed to providing economical RF and microwave-based solutions while sourcing as many component parts from U.S.-based suppliers as possible.

Current products include directional couplers, hybrid couplers, power dividers, resistive dividers and bias tees.  We can provide narrow-band and multi-octave solutions that operate within the frequency range of 500-18,000 megacycles.

Our specialty is in light manufacturing and prototyping work; quick turn-around of small lots from concept to production.

At Werbel Microwave, no order is too small and there are no surcharges or engineering fees.  Our unique pricing structure allows us to absorb development costs over time while providing competitive per-unit pricing.